Distance and height which cannot be measured directly are computed by measuring angles using a chronometer and using sine,cosine and tangent.
fix a tube along the straight edge of a protractor as shown.hang a small weight from it with a string along the middle of the protractor.
to see the top of a tree or building through the tube ,we have to tilt the protractor up. the string would still be perpendicular to the ground ,because of the weight . the angle between the string and the 90 degree line of the protractor is the angle of evaluation
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